How is weight and balance determined for the aircraft?

The determination of weight and balance for an aircraft, such as the Cessna 172, is fundamentally based on measuring the weight of the aircraft and its load distribution. Proper weight and balance calculations are critical for ensuring the aircraft operates safely and efficiently within its performance limitations. This involves accurately weighing the aircraft with its fuel, passengers, and cargo, and then analyzing how this weight is distributed relative to the aircraft’s center of gravity (CG).

Using this method allows for precise calculations that account for the effects of weight on aircraft performance, including takeoff distance, climb performance, and landing distance. Accurate measurements ensure that the aircraft remains within the prescribed limits, preventing issues such as stalling or control difficulties, which can arise if the center of gravity is too far forward or aft.

The other options do not provide a comprehensive or accurate method for determining weight and balance. Estimating cargo weight is insufficient since it does not account for the total weight or its distribution. Standard weight tables can aid in some calculations but do not replace the need for measuring actual weights, especially since actual passenger weights and cargo can vary significantly. A visual inspection of the load may help assess whether an aircraft looks balanced but will not provide the necessary precision required for safety in operations. Thus